These days, you can find the most of the drivers in Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. There are basically two type of driver in Linux. Open and closed source driver. Proprietary driver falls in the closed source driver category. Drivers like Nvidia drivers falls in this category. Ubuntu itself identifies and installs drivers on your system but some hardware still needs additional drivers to be installed  In this Ubuntu 24.04 LTS tutorial post, we will show you the two different methods to install Proprietary drivers in Ubuntu.

How To Install Proprietary Drivers In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

There are basically two methods to install proprietary drivers in Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

1. How to Install Proprietary Drivers on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS via Command

In this method, we will show you the step by step tutorial to install proprietary drivers on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. You can easily install Proprietary drivers on Ubuntu via few lines on Command. At First, Run the following commands to get the list of the available drivers in Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

sudo ubuntu-drivers list

sudo ubuntu-drivers list --gpgpu

Meanwhile, if you know the exact name of the driver that you want to install then run the following command to install the driver.

sudo ubuntu-drivers install driver-name

Run the following command to install the driver If you want to install the drivers for generic use. Below command will install the best-matched drivers for your Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

sudo ubuntu-drivers install

2. How to Install Proprietary Drivers on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS via GUI

This method is for you if prefer to use GUI method to install driver on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. In this graphical method, you can easily install Proprietary drivers on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS via GUI. Follow the step by step instruction mentioned below to install proprietary drivers on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS.

1. Open “Software and Updates“.
2. Move to the “Additional Drivers” section. Here you will be able to see all the devices you can install drivers for.
3. Now, select the driver that you want to install from the options and click on “Apply Changes“. After the installation is complete, you will get a restart option. Click on it to restart your system and finish driver installation.

3. Install Nvidia Proprietary Drivers in Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

Run the following command to install proprietary Nvidia GPU Drivers on Ubuntu  24.04 LTS:

Update your system running apt-get command

sudo apt-get update

Now, run the following command to install NVIDIA drivers:

“sudo apt install nvidia-driver-535 nvidia-dkms-535” at the CLI

Just incase if you want to know the version of NVIDIA driver installed in your Ubuntu then run one of the following commands.

apt-cache search 'nvidia-driver-'| grep '^nvidia-driver-[[:digit:]]*'
apt-cache search 'nvidia-driver-'| grep'^nvidia-driver-[[:digit:]]*' | sort-k 3 -t '-'
## search for DKMS package too ##
apt-cache search 'nvidia-dkms-' | grep '^nvidia-dkms-[[:digit:]]*'

Step by step guide to install NVIDIA proprietary drivers in Ubuntu using GUI method.

1. Open “Software and Updates“.
2. Move to the “Additional Drivers” tab.
3. There you will see the Nvidia drivers option from where you can select of your choice. Choose nvidia-driver-460 (proprietary, tested) and click on the Apply Changes button.

Summary: In this tutorial post ” How To Install Proprietary Drivers In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS”, we provided you the two ways to install any closed source or proprietary drivers in Ubuntu. Let us know if you have any other methods.

The post Install Proprietary Drivers In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS In 2025 first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

While using Windows 11, it’s incredibly unpleasant to go through errors when you are in the middle of anything vital. In this blog post we will go through the reason behind the cause of Windows 11’s Error Code 0x0 0x0 as well as its fix.

How to Fix Error Code 0x0 0x0 In Windows 11

There are multiple reasons behind the error code 0x0 0x0 In Windows 11. Sometimes you might come across this error because of corrupted or missing system files in Windows, sometimes outdated device drivers might be causing this error and sometimes the external virus can be the reason for it.

No matter what can be the reason, In this post, we have a solution for “Error Code 0x0 0x0 In Windows 11“.

Solution 1:
Perform a Clean Boot:

A clean boot helps you to start your Windows 11 without any error as in this process, the system will avoid any third-party apps or software that might be creating issues during startup. Performing a clean boot can help to eliminate any third-party software interference and it also helps you to identify the source of the problem.

Go through the following steps to perform a clean boot on Windows 11.

1. Press Win + R to open the Run command window or you can search Run from the search option in Windows 11.
2. Type “msconfig” in the Run window and hit Enter.
3. Once, msconfig window is open, you need to switch to the Services tab and enable Hide all Microsoft services at the bottom.
4. Click on the Disable all button and then switch to the Startup tab. Select Open Task Manager and select each startup item one by one.
6. Disable each and every app that starts during the startup of the system, close Task Manager, save changes, and restart your computer.
6. If you are able to solve your problem, you can re-enable the Microsoft services and start enabling each startup item one by one to figure out the services or apps that might be causing the problem.

Solution 2:
Update Drivers:

Sometimes outdated drivers can be the reason behind error 0x0 0x0 on Windows 11. So, In this step, we will check our drive status. Open the device manager by going through the following steps:

1. Right-click on the Start button and select the Device Manager option from the menu.
2. You will see the different hardware and the required drivers installed in your system. In this section, you can also see the drivers having an issue with the yellow exclamation mark on it.
3. Right-click on each driver and select Update driver from the menu.

Solution 3
Disable or Rollback Windows Update:

If you came across the error 0x0 0x0 after a recent Windows update then there might be conflicts with the latest updates and your system.  To fix this, you need to disable or roll back the update.

1. Press Win + I to open Settings.
2. Switch to the Windows Update tab and select the Update history option.
3. Under the “Update history” Window, click on the Uninstall updates option.
4. Here, you need to see the recent Windows updates and click Uninstall link to uninstall updates.
5. Restart your computer and see whether you are able to solve your issue or not.

Solution 4:
End Simultaneously Running Programs:

In Windows, you might come across a strange situation while running two or more applications at the same time and this can be one of the reasons behind error 0x0 0x0 cause this error. Let’s try to fix this by ending all the applications running simultaneously. You can easily do it through the task manager.

1. Press Ctr + Alt + Delete, and then select Task Manager from the menu or you can also select Task manager from the start menu ( You need to right-click on the start menu icon)
2. Go to the “Processes” tab and select the program you want to end. Right-click on the process and select “End Task” to end the program.

The post Fix Error Code 0x0 0x0 In Windows 11 In 2025 first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

Step by step tutorial to fix PFN LIST CORRUPT in Windows 10 (BSOD)

If you’re trying to find a solution for the PFN LIST CORRUPT error or pfn_list_corrupt in Windows 10 or 11, you’ve come to the right spot. One of the most annoying issues that Windows users have encountered when using the Windows-based operating system is the blue screen of death. Linux users now use BSOD, or blue screen of death, as a meme to mock Windows or Microsoft. When you are working on critical tasks, BSOD errors can be very annoying.

What Is PFN_List_Corrupt Error In Windows?

PFN LIST CORRUPT is a Blue Screen of Death stop code on Windows 10. Till now there is not any fixed reason for this error but mostly it occurred due to hardware or software conflicts.

How To Fix pfn_list_corrupt In Windows

Before going through the solutions to fix pfn_list_corrupt in Windows, we suggest you to take the backup or system restore point of your Windows operating system to avoid any future damage.

Reinstall drivers on Windows 10 To Fix pfn_list_corrupt error In Windows

Driver issues like incompatible drivers or obsolete drivers can be one of the reasons for stop code PFN LIST CORRUPT.  To solve this issue right-click the Windows button and select Device Manager. In the Device Manager Window, Look for any devices with a yellow exclamation point. If there is any right-click on that device and select Uninstall device. Now you need to open the Action menu and click Scan for hardware changes. You need to restart Windows so that Windows can reinstall the missing drivers automatically

You should regularly check and update your drives according to the compatibility of your Windows operating system. You can also update your drivers or roll back your drivers to previous states to fix or avoid Pfn_List_Corrupt error in Windows.

Run Windows Update To Fix pfn_list_corrupt_error In Windows

Another way to fix the stop code PFN LIST CORRUPT error in Windows to update your Windows to the latest update available so that it can fix the various bugs within your system. There are multiple ways to run updates in Windows 10 or Windows 11.

• Press the Win key, search for Check for updates, and press Enter
• Click Check for updates
• If there are any new updates available for your Windows then, click Download
• Restart your PC to complete the Windows update

Use Hardware and Devices troubleshooter To Fix pfn_list_corrupt_error In Windows

Run the hardware and devices troubleshooter to fix the pfn_list_corrupt error.

• Go to Settings > Update & Security > Troubleshoot to find the tool and run the troubleshooting wizard

In another method, run the device diagnostic tool. To start the device diagnostic tool, type msdt.exe -id DeviceDiagnostic on the Run box and press enter. Follow the onscreen instruction to figure out the issue with your hardware and fix it.

Some other solutions for pfn_list_corrupt_error in Windows are:

• Check the system memory
• Remove peripheral devices
• Uninstall any recent updates
• Uninstall any recent installed software

Let us know if you have any other solutions for this error in the comment box below. We would love to update our blog post on the basis of your suggestion.

The post How to Fix pfn_list_corrupt In Windows 10 And Windows 11 (BSOD) first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

We will demonstrate how to copy the public SSH key to the server in this tutorial. You must copy your public SSH key to the server’s authorized_keys file in order to use the public-key authentication method. The purpose of adding an SSH key to the server is to provide password-free SSH access to a server. You may be questioning why this is necessary.

How To Add SSH Public Key To Server

The public SSH key can be copied to the server using these two techniques.

1. Copy ssh public key to remote server using ssh-copy-id:

In this  method, we will copy the ssh public key to the server using ssh-copy-id tool. In this process, we will copy the personal computer’s public key to the list of the authorized keys on the remote server. The authorized_keys file is in the ~/.ssh/

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub validusername@IP_ADDRESS_OF_THE_SERVER

When prompted, enter the password for your user account at the remote server. Your public key should be copied to the remote server.
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub  is the default location for the public ssh key. If you want to use another public key rather than the one in the default location, use the -i option.

2. Manually copy the public ssh key to the server

In this method, we will take the help of manual method where we can manually copy the ssh key to the server.  This method is useful when your server doesn’t allow you ssh login via password. In this process, you need to ask the end-user to provide their pubic key at first.

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Manually append your public key to the remote ssh server’s key to the authorized_keys file. For example, copy the content of your ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub to the server’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file.

Using the following command combination

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@remote-host 'cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'

Now, create new directories and files in the end user’s home directory so that you can add the public key of the end user that you have asked for in the previous step.

Now add the public key of the user in /home/user_name/.ssh/authorized_keys file

vim /home/username/.ssh/authorized_keys

Save and close the file.

Now, if your end-users tried to connect to a remote server then they might come across a permission denied error or something like this “r “sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed: agent refused operation Permission denied (publickey)”.

One of the reasons for this is due to file permission on ssh file.  Make sure to set the correct file permissions:

chmod 700 /home/username/.ssh && chmod 600 /home/username/.ssh/authorized_keys

Change the ownership to the user:

chown -R username:username /home/username/.ssh

Now your end-user can log in to the server without any issue

The post How To Add SSH Public Key To Server first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

Description: In this article, we’ll show you step by step how to download music directly to your iPod quickly and easily.

How do I put music directly on my iPod?

The 2019 launch of the new iPod caused havoc. People from all over the globe took a trip down memory lane to recall their iPods and brought them back to life. Even though the iPod is no longer available, it remains a formidable competitor to other MP3 and media players. You might be one of those people who still cherish and treasure your iPods, or just recently bought a new one. If so, you may be searching for ways to add music to the iPod without iTunes.

Despite iTunes being popular in its day due to the limited number of iOS tools, it is not as preferred today. It comes with many complicated steps and takes a lot of time, making audio and video conversions and transfers simple.

iTunes is not available on all devices, and it can be confusing for even the most tech-savvy. This software was removed from Mac users. Only Windows PC owners can access the features offered by it. Even Windows users are urging you to avoid iTunes as it is becoming more time-consuming and inefficient.

But don’t worry! We have some great news for you who want music on your iPod, but don’t trust iTunes or any other unreliable tool!

Do you want to find out what we are talking about? Continue reading!

How can you put music on your iPod without iTunes?

Softorino, a US-based tech company can help you to put music on your iPod without using iTunes.

It works on both Windows PCs and Macs. The software makes file conversion and transfers simple, efficient, and easy. WALTR PRO is more reliable than iTunes and other unreliable online tools. It produces the highest quality output possible in the shortest time.

Download and install WALTR PRO:

Download the WALTR PRO trial from Softorino on your Mac or Windows PC. Once your download is completed, follow the on-screen instructions to install the software on the laptop. After the app has been installed, launch WALTR Pro for the first time. You’ll be prompted by an onboarding video to show you everything about the desktop tool.

Next, enter your email address to receive your trial code. After you have entered your email address, your trial key will be sent to you. Once it arrives, enter the key into the appropriate field.

Time to connect your iPod to your Mac or Windows PC:

You will need a USB cable to connect your iPod to your computer. You don’t have to do this again. If your devices are connected to the same network, you can transfer files via Wi-Fi.

After you have connected your iPod to the computer using the USB cable, go to the WALTR PRO settings window and choose the Enable WiFi connectivity option. You can then send all files to your iPod using WALTR PRO via Wi-Fi.

Drag, Drop, Relax:

You don’t have to go to Select Files to manually search your computer for music files that you wish to convert or transfer to your iPod. Instead, drag and drop them into the WALTR Pro window.

Drag and drop files to be transferred and the process will start immediately. You can also choose your iPod from the available devices and click the Convert and Transmit buttons.

WALTR PRO Features

• WALTR PRO has many customization options
• It features an easy drag-and-drop mechanism
• Many useful features are available at a low cost
• Editing your output file’s destination is easy
• This tool allows wireless transfers between all iOS devices

The post How To Download Music Directly To iPod Without iTunes In 2025 first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

This tutorial is for those people who wants to bring the vibes of Kali Linux on Ubuntu by converting traditional terminal of Ubuntu to Kali Linux terminal.  Ubuntu is popular among the regular users while Kali Linux is mostly used by security enthusiast.

Make Ubuntu Terminal Look Like Kali Linux In 2025

We will be installing  zsh shell, zshell plugins and some additional tools in your Ubuntu so that we can convert terminal. The Z shell is an interactive shell that incorporates many features like bash, fish, dash, and ksh. 

Installing ZSH on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS

Run the following command to install ZSH on Ubuntu-based operating systems.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install zsh

After installation is complete,  run the zsh command to switch from the bash prompt. You will see a z shell configuration prompt where you need to select option “0” from the prompt and then hit enter.

Install Z shell plugins by running following commands.

sudo apt install zsh-syntax-highlighting zsh-autosuggestions

Run the following command to change your default login shell to the z shell.

chsh -s /bin/zsh

Modifying the zshrc file

Tweak the zshrc file to customize. It is located in your home directory (~/.zshrc). zshrc is a hidden file so you need to configure your system to see the hidden file. Sometimes the file may not be available, so you must create or delete it if it is already available.

To delete the file run the following command:

rm ~/.zshrc

To create a new file simply run this command:

touch ~/.zshrc

After successfully creating the .zshrc file, open it with your preferred text editor and then you need to copy and paste the following content into your .zshrc file, and save.

# ~/.zshrc file for zsh interactive shells.

# see /usr/share/doc/zsh/examples/zshrc for examples

setopt autocd # change directory just by typing its name

#setopt correct # auto correct mistakes

setopt interactivecomments # allow comments in interactive mode

setopt magicequalsubst # enable filename expansion for arguments of the form ‘anything=expression’

setopt nonomatch # hide error message if there is no match for the pattern

setopt notify # report the status of background jobs immediately

setopt numericglobsort # sort filenames numerically when it makes sense

setopt promptsubst # enable command substitution in prompt


WORDCHARS=${WORDCHARS//\/} # Don't consider certain characters part of the word


# hide EOL sign ('%')

PROMPT_EOL_MARK=""

# configure key keybindings

bindkey -e # emacs key bindings

bindkey ' ' magic-space # do history expansion on space

bindkey '^U' backward-kill-line # ctrl + U

bindkey '^[[3;5~' kill-word # ctrl + Supr

bindkey '^[[3~' delete-char # delete

bindkey '^[[1;5C' forward-word # ctrl + ->

bindkey '^[[1;5D' backward-word # ctrl + <-

bindkey '^[[5~' beginning-of-buffer-or-history # page up

bindkey '^[[6~' end-of-buffer-or-history # page down

bindkey '^[[H' beginning-of-line # home

bindkey '^[[F' end-of-line # end

bindkey '^[[Z' undo # shift + tab undo last action

# enable completion features

autoload -Uz compinit

compinit -d ~/.cache/zcompdump

zstyle ':completion:*:*:*:*:*' menu select

zstyle ':completion:*' auto-description 'specify: %d'

zstyle ':completion:*' completer _expand _complete

zstyle ':completion:*' format 'Completing %d'

zstyle ':completion:*' group-name ''

zstyle ':completion:*' list-colors ''

zstyle ':completion:*' list-prompt %SAt %p: Hit TAB for more, or the character to insert%s

zstyle ':completion:*' matcher-list 'm:{a-zA-Z}={A-Za-z}'

zstyle ':completion:*' rehash true

zstyle ':completion:*' select-prompt %SScrolling active: current selection at %p%s

zstyle ':completion:*' use-compctl false

zstyle ':completion:*' verbose true

zstyle ':completion:*:kill:*' command 'ps -u $USER -o pid,%cpu,tty,cputime,cmd'

# History configurations

HISTFILE=~/.zsh_history

HISTSIZE=1000

SAVEHIST=2000

setopt hist_expire_dups_first # delete duplicates first when HISTFILE size exceeds HISTSIZE

setopt hist_ignore_dups # ignore duplicated commands history list

setopt hist_ignore_space # ignore commands that start with space

setopt hist_verify # show command with history expansion to user before running it

#setopt share_history # share command history data

# force zsh to show the complete history

alias history="history 0"


# configure `time` format

TIMEFMT=$'\nreal\t%E\nuser\t%U\nsys\t%S\ncpu\t%P'

# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)

#[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval "$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)"

# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)

if [ -z "${debian_chroot:-}" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then

debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)

fi

# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we "want" color)

case "$TERM" in

xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;

esac
# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned

# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window

# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt

force_color_prompt=yes

if [ -n "$force_color_prompt" ]; then

if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then

# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48

# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such

# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)

color_prompt=yes

else

color_prompt=

fi

fi

configure_prompt() {

prompt_symbol=㉿

# Skull emoji for root terminal

#[ "$EUID" -eq 0 ] && prompt_symbol=?

case "$PROMPT_ALTERNATIVE" in

twoline)

PROMPT=$'%F{%(#.blue.green)}┌──${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)─}${VIRTUAL_ENV:+($(basename $VIRTUAL_ENV))─}(%B%F{%(#.red.blue)}%n'$prompt_symbol$'%m%b%F{%(#.blue.green)})-[%B%F{reset}%(6~.%-1~/…/%4~.%5~)%b%F{%(#.blue.green)}]\n└─%B%(#.%F{red}#.%F{blue}$)%b%F{reset} '

# Right-side prompt with exit codes and background processes

#RPROMPT=$'%(?.. %? %F{red}%B⨯%b%F{reset})%(1j. %j %F{yellow}%B%b%F{reset}.)'

;;

oneline)

PROMPT=$'${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}${VIRTUAL_ENV:+($(basename $VIRTUAL_ENV))}%B%F{%(#.red.blue)}%n@%m%b%F{reset}:%B%F{%(#.blue.green)}%~%b%F{reset}%(#.#.$) '

RPROMPT=

;;

backtrack)

PROMPT=$'${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}${VIRTUAL_ENV:+($(basename $VIRTUAL_ENV))}%B%F{red}%n@%m%b%F{reset}:%B%F{blue}%~%b%F{reset}%(#.#.$) '

RPROMPT=

;;

esac

unset prompt_symbol

}

# The following block is surrounded by two delimiters.

# These delimiters must not be modified. Thanks.

# START KALI CONFIG VARIABLES

PROMPT_ALTERNATIVE=twoline

NEWLINE_BEFORE_PROMPT=yes

# STOP KALI CONFIG VARIABLES

if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then

# override default virtualenv indicator in prompt

VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1

configure_prompt

# enable syntax-highlighting

if [ -f /usr/share/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh ]; then

. /usr/share/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_HIGHLIGHTERS=(main brackets pattern)

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[default]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[unknown-token]=fg=white,underline

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[reserved-word]=fg=cyan,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[suffix-alias]=fg=green,underline

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[global-alias]=fg=green,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[precommand]=fg=green,underline

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[commandseparator]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[autodirectory]=fg=green,underline

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[path]=bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[path_pathseparator]=

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[path_prefix_pathseparator]=

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[globbing]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[history-expansion]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[command-substitution]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[command-substitution-delimiter]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[process-substitution]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[process-substitution-delimiter]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[single-hyphen-option]=fg=green

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[double-hyphen-option]=fg=green

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[back-quoted-argument]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[back-quoted-argument-delimiter]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[single-quoted-argument]=fg=yellow

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[double-quoted-argument]=fg=yellow

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[dollar-quoted-argument]=fg=yellow

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[rc-quote]=fg=magenta

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[dollar-double-quoted-argument]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[back-double-quoted-argument]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[back-dollar-quoted-argument]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[assign]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[redirection]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[comment]=fg=black,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[named-fd]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[numeric-fd]=none

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[arg0]=fg=cyan

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-error]=fg=red,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-level-1]=fg=blue,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-level-2]=fg=green,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-level-3]=fg=magenta,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-level-4]=fg=yellow,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[bracket-level-5]=fg=cyan,bold

ZSH_HIGHLIGHT_STYLES[cursor-matchingbracket]=standout

fi

else

PROMPT='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}%n@%m:%~%(#.#.$) '

fi

unset color_prompt force_color_prompt


toggle_oneline_prompt(){

if [ "$PROMPT_ALTERNATIVE" = oneline ]; then

PROMPT_ALTERNATIVE=twoline

else

PROMPT_ALTERNATIVE=oneline

fi

configure_prompt

zle reset-prompt

}

zle -N toggle_oneline_prompt

bindkey ^P toggle_oneline_prompt


# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir

case "$TERM" in

xterm*|rxvt*|Eterm|aterm|kterm|gnome*|alacritty)

TERM_TITLE=$'\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}${VIRTUAL_ENV:+($(basename $VIRTUAL_ENV))}%n@%m: %~\a'

;;

*)

;;

esac

precmd() {

# Print the previously configured title

print -Pnr -- "$TERM_TITLE"

# Print a new line before the prompt, but only if it is not the first line

if [ "$NEWLINE_BEFORE_PROMPT" = yes ]; then

if [ -z "$_NEW_LINE_BEFORE_PROMPT" ]; then

_NEW_LINE_BEFORE_PROMPT=1

else

print ""

fi

fi

}


# enable color support of ls, less and man, and also add handy aliases

if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then

test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"

export LS_COLORS="$LS_COLORS:ow=30;44:" # fix ls color for folders with 777 permissions


alias ls='ls --color=auto'

#alias dir='dir --color=auto'

#alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

alias grep='grep --color=auto'

alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'

alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'

alias diff='diff --color=auto'

alias ip='ip --color=auto'

export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[1;31m' # begin blink

export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[1;36m' # begin bold

export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E[0m' # reset bold/blink

export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[01;33m' # begin reverse video

export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[0m' # reset reverse video

export LESS_TERMCAP_us=$'\E[1;32m' # begin underline

export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[0m' # reset underline

# Take advantage of $LS_COLORS for completion as well

zstyle ':completion:*' list-colors "${(s.:.)LS_COLORS}"

zstyle ':completion:*:*:kill:*:processes' list-colors '=(#b) #([0-9]#)*=0=01;31'

fi

# some more ls aliases

alias ll='ls -l'

alias la='ls -A'

alias l='ls -CF'

# enable auto-suggestions based on the history

if [ -f /usr/share/zsh-autosuggestions/zsh-autosuggestions.zsh ]; then

. /usr/share/zsh-autosuggestions/zsh-autosuggestions.zsh

# change suggestion color

ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE='fg=#999'

fi


# enable command-not-found if installed

if [ -f /etc/zsh_command_not_found ]; then

. /etc/zsh_command_not_found

fi

compinit

To make the changes take effect, run the following command:

$ source .zshrc
$ . .zshrc

Now, Download color schemes and themes with the following command:

git clone https://github.com/linuxopsys/ubuntu-to-kali-terminal.git

cd ubuntu-to-kali-terminal

Now extract the compressed files:

tar -xvf color-schemes.tar
tar -xvf kali-dark-theme.tar

You will notice a new directory name “usr” in your current working directory.

Now you need to remove the qtermwidget5 directory located in the /usr/share directory and replace it with one from the extracted tar file.

sudo rm -rf /usr/share/qtermwidget5
sudo mv -f usr/share/qtermwidget5 /usr/share

Now its time to Change Qterminal settings

• Open your Qterminal preferences
• Change the color scheme to Kali-Dark and then press the Apply button
• At the bottom of your terminal’s Appearance settings, Adjust the “Application transparency” from “0%” to “5%,”
• Click apply for the changes to take effect.

Now, it’s time to change the Ubuntu theme. Run the following command to move the Kali-Dark directory from the directory you extracted to /usr/share/themes directory.

sudo mv -f usr/share/themes/Kali-Dark /usr/share/themes

Now, you can tweak your setting by going to the gnome-tweaks by running the following command:

gnome-tweaks

Meanwhile, If you have Gnome Tweak Tool installed in Ubuntu then go through the following article:

The post How To Make Ubuntu Terminal Look Like Kali Linux In 2025 first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

Looking forward to installing call recording apps on your Android smartphones then you are at the right place as we have compared some of the best call recording apps for Android in 2024.

BEST Call Recording Apps for Android In 2025 [Comparison]

1. Automatic Call Recorder

Automatic Call Recorder is a popular Android app. It lets you record both incoming and outgoing calls on your Android device and save them to your device’s storage or upload them to cloud storage services like Google Drive and Dropbox.

Features:

• Can record all calls or only those from specific contacts
• Supports multiple audio formats including MP3, M4A, and WAV
• Can be configured to automatically upload recordings to cloud storage services
• Password-protect your recordings
• Offers a built-in audio player to play back your recordings
• Allows you to share your recordings via email, WhatsApp, and other apps
• Can be set to automatically delete old recordings to free up space on your device

The basic version of Automatic Call Recorder is available for free but it comes with limitations. To unlock unlimited recording time and remove ads, you can upgrade to the Pro version for a one-time fee.

2. Cube Call Recorder ACR

It is a call-recording app for Android devices that allows you to record incoming and outgoing calls. You can easily record incoming and outgoing calls automatically. It offers different recording options like an automatic and manual recording. Cube Call Recorder ACR supports multiple audio formats including MP3, WAV, AMR, and 3GP. It also has a built-in audio player to play back your recordings. You can easily store your recording on cloud storage services like Google Drive and Dropbox

Cube Call Recorder ACR is available in a free version but you need to deal with ads and there is also a record limitation. To remove ads and unlock unlimited recording time, you can upgrade to the Pro version through an in-app purchase.

3. Truecaller

It is a popular mobile application. Truecaller is developed by the Swedish company True Software Scandinavia AB. It is one of the most popular mobile app these days that helps users to identify unknown callers and block spam calls.

It is available for both Android and iOS devices and has over 300 million active users worldwide.

4. ACR Call Recorder

ACR is a mobile app that records phone calls. ACR is only available for android phones. ACR is the short form of  “Another Call Recorder”.  The ACR Call Recorder app can record both incoming and outgoing calls automatically or manually.

The post 19+ BEST Call Recording Apps for Android In 2025 [Comparison] first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

If you’re interested in learning more about bug bounty schemes in 2023, this blog post is for you. We’ll go over some of the greatest bug bounty programs for bug bounty hunters in this blog.

What Is Bug Bounty Program?

One of the good thing about the any Bug Bounty Program is that anyone can report bugs and receive payment by taking part in a bug bounty program. Reporting bugs, vulnerabilities, or any other potential issue with the company’s or its clients’ apps that store private data will earn you rewards. Businesses like Google, Microsoft, and Facebook will pay you a lot of money just for pointing out serious security holes in their products.

Top Bug Bounty Programs For Everyone In 2025

Facebook Bug Bounty Programs In 2025:

The Facebook bug bounty program is popular among beginners.  The minimum reward from Facebook for reporting successful bugs is USD 500.

Under the Facebook bug bounty program, you can report bugs on:

• Instagram
• WhatsApp
• Workplace
• Express Wi-Fi
• Internet.org/Free Basics
• Oculus
• Open source projects by Facebook
• Portal
• FBLite

Go through this link to know more and apply to Facebook Bug Bounty Program

Google Bug Bounty Programs In 2025:

Another popular bug bounty program from the search giant offers rewards for qualifying bugs ranging from $100 to $31,337. Under the Google bug bounty program, you can report bugs on:

• Youtube.com
• Google.com
• Blogger.com

Now, the vulnerabilities in the Google Cloud Platform are also eligible for additional rewards under the GCP VRP Prize with a top prize of $133,337.

If you want to report a bug or want to know more about the Google bug bounty program then you can go through this link Google Bug Bounty Program

Snapchat Bug Bounty Programs In 2025 :

Snapchat is also offering a reward amount for reporting bugs and issues on its platform. They will pay $2000 to $15000 under this bug bounty program.

Click on this link and know more about Snapchat Bug Bounty Program

Yahoo Bug Bounty Programs:

Yahoo also has a dedicated bug bounty program where you can get an exciting amount for reporting bugs and reports. Under the Yahoo bug bounty program, you will get rewards from $100 to $15000.

Apply now for Yahoo Bug Bounty Program

Apple Bug Bounty Programs:

Apple’s bug bounty program has one of the highest rewards in this industry as Apple will provide a reward for security or privacy vulnerability that affects Apple devices, software, services, or web servers. The highest bounty given by Apple is $200,000.

Know more about Bug Bounty Program by Apple from here.

Microsoft Bug Bounty Programs:

If you are a security researcher or any random user that has found a vulnerability in Microsoft products or services that is within the scope of one of our bounty programs then you might get a reward amount of up to $250,000.

Submit your bugs from this link Microsoft Bug Bounty Program.

Paypal Bug Bounty Programs:

Popular payment company Paypal will pay you $100 to $20,000 for the successful reporting of the bugs in their services. The Paypal bug bounty program covers the following Paypal associates:

• PayPal
• Venmo
• Xoom
• Braintree Payments
• Swift Financial/ Loanbuilder
• Hyperwallet

Know more about Paypal Bug Bounty Program

Quora Bug Bounty Programs:

Quora will give you $100 to $7000 for reporting the eligible bugs or security issues on their platform. The maximum payout offered by the Quora bug bounty program is $7000.

Know more about the Quora bug bounty program from here.

Mozilla Bug Bounty Programs:

The Mozilla Security Bug Bounty Program is also one of the popular bug bounty programs despite its low reward. In order to be eligible, your security bug must be original and previously unreported. Mozilla manages two different bug bounty programs right now as one of them focuses on Firefox and other Mozilla applications and the other programs cover our websites and services. Mozilla is paying a maximum of $5000 for the rewards.

Know more about Mozilla Bug Bounty Program

Twitter Bug Bounty Programs:

Leading micro-blogging and social networking platform Twitter also has its own bug bounty program. Twitter pays $140 to $ 15000 for successful reporting of possible security vulnerabilities in their services.

Know more about Twitter Bug Bounty Program.

Avast Bug Bounty Programs:

Popular antivirus software company Avast is also running its own bug bounty program where it pays a minimum amount of $400 per bug

‍Avast bounty program is designed for security-related bugs only and applies to products from all of the Avast brands, including Avast, AVG, CCleaner, and HMA.

Know more about Avast Bug Bounty Program.

Intel Bug Bounty Programs In 2025:

Intel’s bug bounty program will compensate you for detecting and resolving security flaws in Intel products. Intel will provide a monetary reward ranging from $500 to $100,000 USD.
Meanwhile, there are a few complicated regulations to follow:

• You are reporting in your individual capacity or, if you are employed by a company or other entity and are reporting on behalf of your employer, you have your employer’s written approval to submit a report to Intel’s Bug Bounty program.
• You are at least 18 years of age, and, if considered a minor in your place of residence, you have your parent’s or legal guardian’s permission prior to reporting.
• You are not a resident of a U.S. Government embargoed country.
• You are not on a U.S. Government list of sanctioned individuals.
• You are not currently nor have been an employee of Intel Corporation, or an Intel subsidiary, within 6 months prior to submitting a report.
• You are not currently nor have been under contract to Intel Corporation, or an Intel subsidiary, within 6 months prior to submitting a report.
• You are neither a family nor household member of any individual who currently or within the past 6 months meets or met the criteria listed in the two bullet points directly above.
• You agree to participate in testing mitigation effectiveness and coordinating disclosure/release/publication of your finding with Intel.
• You did not and will not access any personal information that is not your own, including by exploiting the vulnerability.
• You did not and will not violate any applicable law or regulation, including laws prohibiting unauthorized access to information. To clarify, Intel does not view testing that is done in compliance with the terms and conditions of this bug bounty program as unauthorized.
• There may be additional restrictions on your eligibility to participate in the bug bounty depending upon your local laws.

In the Intel bug bounty program, you can report bugs on:

• Microprocessors (inclusive of micro-code ROM + updates)
• Chipsets
• Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) components
• Networking/communication components
• Memory
• Motherboards/systems (e.g., Intel Compute Stick, NUC)
• Solid State Drives (SSD)
• UEFI BIOS (Tiano core components for which Intel is the only named maintainer)
• Intel® Management Engine
• Baseboard Management Controller (BMC)
• Device drivers
• Applications
• Development tools

Apply through this link for Intel Bug Bounty Program.

The post Top Bug Bounty Programs For Everyone In 2025 first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

Struggling with error then you are at the right place. We have covered the all possible solution for the error “ng is not Recognized as Internal or External Command, Operable Program or Batch File?”.  Before jumping into the solution, let’s have a look into the possible reason for this error.

• If the angular command line tool is not installed on the system
• The ng Path variable is not added in Windows.

How To Fix “ng is not Recognized as Internal or External Command, Operable Program or Batch File?”

Solution for the first reason for the error:

If the angular command line tool is not installed on the system

Run the following command to Install the Angular CLI tool using the following command

> npm install -g @angular /cli

Now verify whether the error is fixed or not with the following command
ng version

The ng Path variable is not added in Windows.

If you are unable to set the ng path in the Windows operating system then you might come across this error. Run the following command using ‘where’ to find out where the ng is installed or where the “ng.exe” file exists. Choose and copy the Path where ng is installed

> where ng

After figuring out the path you can launch the environment variable settings by going to the environment variables set. For your convience we are showing you the step by step guide.

• You can access it by searching it in the “Startup” menu to set ng path to the Windows path.
• Go to the “Environment Variables”.  After that, select the “Path” property under “System variables” and then click the “Edit” button.
• Next, in the “Edit environment variables” window, click “New” put the copied path of ng installation location here, and then click the “Ok“ option.

Now, run the following command to see whether the error has been solved or not in your system. Most probably you will be out of the error issues in your system.

ng version

The post How To Fix “ng is not Recognized as Internal or External Command, Operable Program or Batch File?” first appeared on AtoZ Linux.

This is the tutorial to fix “cannot find a valid baseurl for repo” error in CentOS. If you are going through the error ‘ how to fix “cannot find a valid baseurl for repo” error in CentOS Linux distribution’ while using YUM package manager then we have a solution for you.

Fix cannot find a valid baseurl for repo base/7/x86_64 error

Mostly, the reason behind this error can be the two.

Reason For “cannot find a valid baseurl for repo” error:

Your system might not be connected to the Internet and DNS not working.

Another Reason For “cannot find a valid baseurl for repo” error:

Issue with the repo configuration file /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.

Let’s have a look into the solution for the cannot find a valid baseurl for repo base/7/x86_64 error.

First Solution For cannot find a valid baseurl for repo base/7/x86_64 error:

Open your terminal and run a ping command to check whether your interest and DNS are working or not:

 ping itsubuntu.com

If you see the error something like ping: unknow host itsubuntu.com then there must be an issue with your internet or DNS. Now, run the command to edit network interface configuration files. Before running the command to edit the network interface configuration file. Run the following command to identify your network interface.

ip add

Now run the following command to edit the configuration for interface enp0s1 and try to add the DNS in the configuration file as shown.

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s1

DNS1=10.0.2.2 
DNS2=8.8.8.8

Now, restart your network with the following command:

systemctl restart NetworkManager

If your CentOS is connected to the Internet and DNS is working fine, then there must be an issue with the repo configuration file. Open the repo configuration file with your favorite text editor. Here we are using Vi editor.

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

In this repo file, you need to look for the [base] section and try uncommenting the baseurl by removing the leading # on the baseurl line. Save the file and exit. Now you should be able to run the Yum command without any issue.

yum update

The post How To Fix cannot find a valid baseurl for repo base/7/x86_64 error first appeared on AtoZ Linux.